Search results for "School of thought"
showing 3 items of 3 documents
Eurosceptic Contagion and European Elections
2021
At the onset, the starting perspective here has been that the main arena for political struggle is the national one. One of the most influential approaches in the study of European and European Union politics has been the second-order election thesis (Reif & Schmitt, 1980). According to this school of thought, elections to the European Parliament have actually functioned as somewhat less important national elections (hence second order, akin to US midterm elections), and the main arena for political conflict over EU policy lies at the national level. This book has so far largely shared these assumptions and premises and has as a consequence focused on the effect of Eurosceptic Parties’ succ…
Declaration and Handling of Conflicts of Interest in Guidelines
2015
Clinical guidelines are developed in order to support physicians and patients in specific clinical situations when decisions concerning diagnosis and treatment are made. Recommendations provided in guidelines are based on the findings of clinical studies and on expert opinion. Identical study findings may be evaluated differently depending on whether or not guideline authors have conflicts of interest (1). A conflict of interest is defined as a circumstance that gives rise to a risk that professional judgement or actions concerning a primary interest may be inappropriately influenced by a secondary interest (2, 3). A conflict of interest is therefore a state of affairs, not a biased evaluat…
Market for ideas and reception of physiocracy in Spain: some analytical and historical suggestions
1995
This essay aims to situate the phenomenon of the international spread of the economic ideas of a particular school of thought within the framework of the ‘market for ideas' approach outlined by George Stigler. On the one hand, the paper attempts to amplify the theoretical model of a demand-driven market for ideas, introducing the concepts of public goods, utility, transaction costs and other institutional variables, and on the other this analytical approach is applied to the Spanish market for ideas of the 18th century and its reception of physiocracy, obtaining a new perspective on the spread of ideas of the iconomistes in comparison with the existing literature.